Need for birth control in todays world
With the rapid development of the populace in the world as well because the sense in general consciousness for HIV/AIDS, has forced to believe on contraception methods. The existing worlds population is estimated to be around 6.4 billion with annual growth of 76 million and therefore, it is estimated to attain 9 billion by year 2050. In next two decades, sides two highly populous countries, China & India are expected to achieve the population of 1.5 billion each i.e multiple third of the total world population of the time. It’s scary situation for the world to manage this citizenry explosion. Thus, United Nations are urging countries specially highly their population to be controlled by populated countries.
According to the study report for birth control methods if applied in 169 nations, 137 million women ready to delay their contraceptives, 64 million women are employing less effective birth control methods. as estimated by Un Citizenry Fund if these women are helped with adequate contraceptive treatment (like supplements, condoms), 23 million of unplanned births, 22 million induced abortions and 1.4 million children might be eliminated.
Besides population, HIV/AIDS can also be essential factor making the requirement for contraception. Around, earth has 38 million people have either AIDS or contaminated with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). In seven African nations, one out of 5 people is infected with HIV. Birth control methods are, therefore, become vital to control further spread of HIV/AIDS, specially in these countries. The people in these countries is projected at 35% reduce by 2025 free of HIV/AIDS. It will further reduce the total endurance by an average of 29 years in these countries.
History of Birth Control
200 AD, Greek gynecologist Soranus said that girls become fertile during ovulation. He proposed some contraceptive techniques for women in order to avoid undesired pregnancy like covering coconut oil, pomegranate pulp, ginger, or tobacco juice around vagina to kill sperm, drinking tap water utilized by blacksmith to cool hot materials and getting 7 times backward following the sexual activity. Many birth control methods like ayurvedic remedies used centuries ago (apart from sexual abstinence). But, there are some historical documents of Egyptian women are found who were utilizing some herbal or acid substances like crocodile dung or lubricants like honey or family coconut oil as oral suppository, which they could have found effective at killing sperm.
Nevertheless, industrial use of birth control method were only available in 1960 in the shape of birth control pill. It absolutely was in 1950, when Planned Parenthood Federation of America invited biologist Dr. Gregory Pincus to produce oral contraceptive pill that could be ordinary, safe and widely acceptable for wife and husband. After under going many tests with increased than 6,000 women in Puerto Rico and Haiti, it was when the first commercially produced contraception pill named Enovid-10 was introduced to women in USA. 1960. That first oral contraceptive was made with two hormones Estrogen (100 to 175 microgram) and Progestin (10 mg). They certainly were became 99% effective if taken as directed. With estimation, over 18 million feamales in US are depending on birth control pills
Forms of contraceptive pills
Unlike the decades old oral contraceptive pills (which had larger amount of hormones), todays birth control pills have been in low-dose forms with health advantages. So, women will take contraception pills with much fewer health threats.
Now there are three kinds of contraception pills available
1. Progestin only capsules (POP)
It’s also called mini-pill containing no estrogen. It’s recommended for nursing women since estrogen paid off milk production. This POP pill functions hence preventing sperm to enter uterus and thickening the cervical mucus
2. Combination contraceptive pills
The widely known contraception pills are receiving mixture of two hormones progestin and estrogen. These kinds of oral contraceptive pills include any hormones were not contained by the pack of 21 active pills and 7 placebos, NNS. These are, in fact, known as memory supplements
These mixture pills are further sub-divided in to three types of pills as a result of amount of two hormones progestin and estrogen.
i) Monophasic contraception pills
Here, every active product provides the equal amount of estrogen and progestin. One other eight supplements are placebo having number hormones. Menstruation starts when these placebo supplements are taken
ii) Multiphasic contraceptive pills
They’re also referred to as biphasic or trphasic oral contraceptive pills as a result of different levels of hormones in active pills. These pills must be taken at certain amount of time in its complete pills schedule. Multiphasic contraceptive pills help offsetting the dangers of oral contraceptives.
iii) Continuous contraceptive pills
it is also referred to as 365 days drugs to be studied constantly throughout the year without the year. Here is the new entry of oral contraceptive pills in the contraception industry. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Lybrel, which can be the only real continuous contraception pill approved so far and designed for general women use. While they are under treating Lybrel, however women don’t get menstrual period, they might find some breakthrough bleeding or spotting, particularly at the first phase.
3) Emergency contraception pills
Also referred to as morning after pills, they are created for quick pregnancy security after the unprotected sex. It’s highly recommended to simply take emergency drugs within 48 hours and maximum 72 hours to work in preventing pregnancy. These are unique of usual oral contraceptive pills where you plan your birth control much in advance. Disaster drugs are also taken if the women are sexually assaulted. FDA has approved Plan B since the best emergency pills. Due to OTC (on the counter) approval by FDA for women above 18 years, Plan B is now able to be bought behind pharmacy counter.
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