Need for birth control in todays world
With the rapid growth of the people in the entire world as well while the increased sense generally speaking attention for HIV/AIDS, has required to think on contraceptive methods. The current worlds populace is estimated to be around 6.4 billion with yearly growth of 76 million and ergo, it’s estimated to achieve 9 billion by year 2050. In next two years, worlds two very populous nations, China & India are required to attain the population of 1.5 million each i.e several third of the full total world population of that time. It is alarming condition for the planet to regulate this population explosion. Consequently, Un are advocating countries particularly highly their population to be controlled by populated countries.
Depending on the survey report for birth control methods if used in 169 countries, 137 million women willing to wait their contraceptives, 64 million women are using less effective birth control measures. 1.4 million children and 22 million induced abortions could be eliminated as estimated by Un Population Fund, if these women are contributed to sufficient birth control therapy (like pills, condoms), 23 million of unplanned births.
Besides citizenry, HIV/AIDS can be extremely important factor requiring the need for contraceptive. An estimated, world has 38 million folks have either AIDS or infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). In eight African countries, one out of 5 adults is infected with HIV. Birth control methods are, thus, become crucial to control further spread of HIV/AIDS, particularly in these places. The populace in these countries is expected at 35% lower by 2025 clear of HIV/AIDS. The total life expectancy will be further reduced by it by on average 29 years in these places.
History of Contraceptive
200 AD, Greek gynecologist Soranus stated that women become fertile during ovulation. He suggested some contraception strategies for women to prevent unrequired pregnancy like smearing olive oil, pomegranate pulp, cinnamon, or tobacco juice around vagina to kill sperm, normal water employed by blacksmith to cool hot metals and leaping 7 times backward after the sexual intercourse. Many contraceptive methods like ayurvedic treatments used decades before (irrespective of sexual abstinence). However, there are some old records of Egyptian women are found who were using some natural or acid materials like crocodile dung or lubricants like honey or household essential olive oil as natural suppository, that they might have found good at killing sperm.
But, commercial usage of birth control method started in 1960 in the proper execution of birth control pill. It was in 1950, when Planned Parenthood Federation of America asked biologist Dr. Gregory Pincus to develop oral contraceptive pill that might be safe, generally acceptable and safe for husband and wife. After under going several tests with an increase of than 6,000 women in Puerto Rico and Haiti, it was if the first commercially produced contraceptive pill called Enovid-10 was introduced to women in USA. 1960. This first oral contraceptive was made out of two hormones Estrogen (100 to 175 microgram) and Progestin (10 mg). These were turned out to be 99% successful if taken as directed. With evaluation, more than 18 million ladies in US are counting on contraception pills
Types of birth control pills
Unlike the years previous oral contraceptive pills (which had higher number of hormones), todays contraception pills have been in low-dose forms with health benefits. So, women will take contraception pills with much fewer health threats.
Now there are three kinds of birth control pills available
1. Progestin only capsules (POP)
It’s also called mini-pill containing no estrogen. It’s recommended for nursing women because estrogen paid off milk production. This POP pill functions hence preventing sperm to enter uterus and thickening the cervical mucus
2. Combination contraceptive pills
The widely known contraception pills are receiving mixture of two hormones progestin and estrogen. These kinds of oral contraceptive pills come with any hormones weren’t contained by the pack of 21 active pills and 7 placebos, NNS. These are, in reality, known as memory supplements
These mixture pills are further sub-divided in to three types of pills as a result of amount of two hormones progestin and estrogen.
i) Monophasic contraception pills
Here, every active product provides the equal amount of estrogen and progestin. One other eight supplements are placebo having number hormones. Menstruation starts when these placebo supplements are taken
ii) Multiphasic contraception pills
They’re also referred to as biphasic or trphasic oral contraceptive pills because of different levels of hormones in active pills. These pills have to be taken at certain amount of time in its complete pills schedule. Multiphasic contraceptive pills help offsetting the dangers of oral contraceptives.
iii) Continuous contraceptive pills
it is also referred to as 365 days drugs to be studied continuously throughout the year without the year. Here is the new entry of oral contraceptive pills in the birth control industry. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Lybrel, which can be the only real continuous contraception pill approved so far and designed for general women use. While they’re under treating Lybrel, however women don’t get menstrual period, they might find some breakthrough bleeding or spotting, particularly at the initial phase.
3) Emergency contraception pills
Also referred to as morning after pills, these are designed for quick pregnancy defense after the unprotected sex. It’s highly recommended to simply take emergency drugs within 48 hours and maximum 72 hours to work in avoiding pregnancy. These are unique of usual oral contraceptive pills where you plan your birth control much in advance. Disaster drugs are also taken if the women are sexually assaulted. FDA has approved Plan B since the best disaster pills. Due to OTC (on the counter) approval by FDA for women above 18 years, Plan B is now able to be purchased behind pharmacy counter.
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