Need for birth control in todays world
With the rapid development of the people in the planet as well since the sense generally attention for HIV/AIDS, has forced to think on contraception methods. The current worlds population is estimated to be around 6.4 billion with yearly growth of 76 million and hence, it’s estimated to reach 9 billion by year 2050. In next two decades, planets two very populous nations, China & India are required to attain the population of 1.5 million each i.e more than one third of the sum total world population of that time. It is alarming situation for the planet to regulate this population explosion. Therefore, Un are advocating countries particularly highly their population to be controlled by populated countries.
According to the survey report for birth control methods if applied in 169 countries, 137 million women willing to wait their contraceptives, 64 million women are utilizing less effective birth control methods. 22 million induced abortions and 1.4 million infants could possibly be eliminated as estimated by Un Citizenry Fund, if these women are helped with adequate contraceptive therapy (like drugs, condoms), 23 million of unplanned births.
Besides populace, HIV/AIDS can be very important factor driving the necessity for contraceptive. An estimated, world has 38 million individuals have either AIDS or contaminated with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). In seven African countries, one out of 5 adults is infected with HIV. Birth control methods are, therefore, become crucial to control further spread of HIV/AIDS, particularly in these countries. The population in these countries is projected at 35% decrease by 2025 clear of HIV/AIDS. It will further reduce steadily the total endurance by on average 29 years in these countries.
History of Contraception
200 AD, Greek gynecologist Soranus said that women become fertile during ovulation. He suggested some birth control tips for women to avoid unwelcome pregnancy like covering coconut oil, pomegranate pulp, cinnamon, or tobacco juice around vagina to kill sperm, normal water employed by blacksmith to cool hot metals and jumping 7 times backward after the sexual intercourse. Many contraception methods like ayurvedic solutions used decades ago (aside from sexual abstinence). However, there are some old records of Egyptian women are found who were using some natural or acid substances like crocodile dung or lubricants like honey or household olive oil as natural suppository, that they may have found with the capacity of killing sperm.
But, commercial utilization of birth control method started in 1960 in the proper execution of birth control pill. It was in 1950, when Planned Parenthood Federation of America asked biologist Dr. Gregory Pincus to develop oral contraceptive pill that would be harmless, generally acceptable and safe for husband and wife. After under going several tests with more than 6,000 women in Puerto Rico and Haiti, it was 1960 once the first commercially produced contraception pill named Enovid-10 was introduced to women in USA. That first oral contraceptive was made with two hormones Estrogen (100 to 175 microgram) and Progestin (10 mg). They certainly were turned out to be 99% successful if taken as directed. With evaluation, over 18 million women in US are counting on contraceptive pills
Forms of contraceptive pills
Unlike the years old oral contraceptive pills (which had higher number of hormones), todays birth control pills are in low-dose forms with health benefits. So, women usually takes birth control pills with much fewer health risks.
Truth be told there are three types of birth control pills available
1. Progestin only pills (POP)
It’s also known as mini-pill containing no estrogen. It’s recommended for nursing women because estrogen reduced milk production. That POP product functions by thickening the cervical mucus and hence preventing sperm to enter womb
2. Combination contraception pills
The well known contraception pills are experiencing mix of two hormones progestin and estrogen. These types of oral contraceptive pills come with the package of 21 active pills and 7 placebos, which don’t contain any hormones. They are, in reality, referred to as memory supplements
These mix pills are further sub-divided in to three types of pills as a result of level of two hormones progestin and estrogen.
i) Monophasic birth control pills
Here, every active tablet offers the equal amount of progestin and estrogen. The other seven pills are placebo having number hormones. Menstruation starts when these placebo supplements are taken
ii) Multiphasic contraceptive pills
They’re also called biphasic or trphasic oral contraceptive pills because of different levels of hormones in active pills. These pills must be used at certain amount of time in its total pills plan. Multiphasic contraception pills help offsetting the dangers of oral contraceptives.
iii) Continuous birth control pills
It’s also called 365 days drugs to be used continually throughout the year without the year. Here is the new entry of oral contraceptive pills in the contraception market. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Lybrel, which is the sole continuous contraceptive pill approved so far and designed for general women use. Women don’t get menstrual period while they are under the treatment of Lybrel, however, they may find some breakthrough bleeding or spotting, especially at the first phase.
3) Emergency contraceptive pills
Also called morning after pills, they are made for quick pregnancy security after the unprotected sex. It’s recommended to take emergency drugs within 48 hours and maximum 72 hours to work in preventing pregnancy. These are different than usual oral contraceptive pills where you want your birth control much ahead of time. Crisis supplements are also taken if the girls are sexually assaulted. FDA has approved Plan B whilst the safest crisis drugs. As a result of OTC (over the counter) approval by FDA for girls above 18 years, Plan B is now able to be requested behind drugstore counter.
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