Need for birth control in todays world
With the rapid development of the populace in the planet as well since the sense generally recognition for HIV/AIDS, has forced to think on contraception methods. The existing worlds population is estimated to be around 6.4 billion with annual growth of 76 million and hence, it is estimated to reach 9 billion by year 2050. In next two decades, planets two very populous countries, China & India are required to attain the population of 1.5 million each i.e more than one third of the sum total world population of that time. It is alarming situation for the world to manage this population explosion. Therefore, United Nations are urging countries especially highly their population to be controlled by populated countries.
According to the study report for birth control methods if applied in 169 countries, 137 million women willing to wait their contraceptives, 64 million women are utilizing less effective birth control methods. If these women are contributed to sufficient contraception treatment (like supplements, condoms), 23 million of unplanned births, 1.4 million babies and 22 million induced abortions might be eliminated as estimated by Us Citizenry Fund.
Besides populace, HIV/AIDS can also be very important factor driving the necessity for contraceptive. An estimated, earth has 38 million individuals have either AIDS or contaminated with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). In seven African countries, one out of 5 adults is infected with HIV. Birth control methods are, therefore, become vital to control further spread of HIV/AIDS, specially in these countries. The population in these countries is projected at 35% decrease by 2025 free of HIV/AIDS. The total life expectancy will be further reduced by it by an average of 29 years in these countries.
History of Contraception
200 AD, Greek gynecologist Soranus said that girls become fertile during ovulation. He suggested some birth control tips for women to avoid unwelcome pregnancy like covering coconut oil, pomegranate pulp, ginger, or tobacco juice around vagina to kill sperm, normal water employed by blacksmith to cool hot metals and jumping 7 times backward after the sexual activity. Many contraception methods like ayurvedic solutions used decades ago (besides sexual abstinence). However, there are some historical documents of Egyptian women are found who were using some herbal or acid substances like crocodile dung or lubricants like honey or house olive oil as oral suppository, that they may have found capable of killing sperm.
Nevertheless, commercial utilization of birth control method started in 1960 in the shape of birth control pill. It absolutely was in 1950, when Planned Parenthood Federation of America invited biologist Dr. Gregory Pincus to produce oral contraceptive pill that would be harmless, safe and universally acceptable for husband and wife. After under going many tests with increased than 6,000 women in Puerto Rico and Haiti, it was once the first commercially produced contraception pill called Enovid-10 was introduced to women in USA. 1960. That first oral contraceptive was created using two hormones Estrogen (100 to 175 microgram) and Progestin (10 mg). If taken as directed these were became 99% successful. With estimation, more than 18 million women in US are relying on birth control pills
Forms of birth control pills
Unlike the decades previous oral contraceptive pills (which had higher number of hormones), todays birth control pills are in low-dose forms with health benefits. So, women usually takes birth control pills with much fewer health problems.
Certainly, there are three types of birth control pills available
1. Progestin only supplements (POP)
It is also known as mini-pill containing no estrogen. It is recommended for nursing women because estrogen reduced milk production. That POP product functions by ergo preventing sperm to enter womb and thickening the cervical mucus
2. Combination contraception pills
The well regarded birth control pills are experiencing combination of two hormones progestin and estrogen. These types of oral contraceptive pills come with the bunch of 21 active pills and 7 placebos, which don’t contain any hormones. memory drugs they’re, actually, known
These combination pills are further sub-divided in to three forms of pills because of the degree of estrogen and two hormones progestin.
i) Monophasic birth control pills
Here, every effective capsule offers the equal quantity of progestin and estrogen. Another seven pills are placebo having no hormones. Menstruation begins when these placebo pills are taken
ii) Multiphasic contraception pills
They are also called biphasic or trphasic oral contraceptive pills because of different quantities of hormones in active pills. These pills have to be used at certain amount of time in its whole pills agenda. Multiphasic contraception pills help offsetting the risks of oral contraceptives.
iii) Continuous contraceptive pills
It’s also called 365 days supplements to be taken continuously throughout the year without the year. This is actually the new access of oral contraceptive pills in the birth control market. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Lybrel, that is the only continuous birth control pill approved up to now and readily available for general women use. Women do not get menstrual period while they are under the treating Lybrel, however, they might find some breakthrough bleeding or spotting, particularly at the initial stage.
3) Emergency birth control pills
Also called morning after pills, these are designed for immediate pregnancy safety after the unprotected sex. It is strongly suggested to take emergency supplements within maximum and 48 hours 72 hours to be effective in avoiding pregnancy. These are diverse from normal oral contraceptive pills where you want your contraception much beforehand. Crisis supplements are also taken once the women are sexually assaulted. FDA has approved Plan B because the safest disaster drugs. As a result of OTC (within the counter) approval by FDA for women above 18 years, Plan B are now able to be requested behind drugstore counter.
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