Since 1927 “harvest uprising” MAO zedong rate of workers and peasants, the revolutionary army onto jinggangshan after jinggangshan becomes “in jinggangshan road” from the start. Jinggang mountain roads are armed with seizure, QiangGanZi men, so how to play, adopting how strategy and tactics becomes the fundamental army choice. As the army’s top leader, MAO zedong up date began to explore creating effective strategy and tactics, and the strategy and tactics of the kernel is the famous “enemy enter I back, the enemy in my interference, the enemy tired I dozen, the enemy retreated I chased” “16-character tactic”.
“16-character tactic” created in MAO zedong, there was a process. Early into the jinggang mountains revolutionary old man XiongShouQi in the memory also say: “remember 16-character MiaoJue originally only four word, namely” enemy enter my back ‘. This is 1927 when half of MAO in jinggangshan brought out.” Was followed MAO zedong create the jinggang mountains revolutionary base in memory of ChenZhengRen jinggangshan struggle and guerrilla warfare strategy problem once said: “in suichuan chuan (i.e. 1928 l months), he heard the chairman proposed guerrilla warfare 16-character, especially in the first half of the year, listen to more specific.” ChenZhengRen added: “in suichuan sichuan still hear chairman proposed ‘scattered to arouse the masses, concentrated to cope with the enemy’ this one extremely important principles.” ChenZhengRen, XiongShouQi memories fully shows that the reds guerrilla war strategy and tactics principle to form in MAO zedong there experienced a historical process.
Indeed, 1928 in January, MAO zedong in suichuan sichuan convene and preside over jinggangshan front and suichuan county of sichuan, vie two counties joint conference, at the meeting made “16-character tactic of twelve characters, namely:” enemy to I walk, the enemy in my interference, the enemy retreated I chased “. The concrete situation is in jinggangshan region a.m., workers and peasants armed separatism “” the fire of MAO zedong, smell wanan riots have win, namely from hence sichuan sent someone to send to vie county, sichuan attend comrade to vie suichuan jinggangshan front and hence, 100002 county joint conference. Meeting on January 20th to 22 in SuiChuanXian town convened, million head once tianyu, anxian ZhangShiXi 11 people to attend. MAO zedong at the meeting listened to million anxian work report, finally to million anxian work were instructions: hope wanan comrade very good use “enemy to I walk, the enemy in my interference, the enemy retreated I chased” twelve word tactic, preparation and reactionaries operations.
In jinggangshan such specific environment, MAO zedong has created more than anyone red guerrilla warfare basic principles of conditions. In the student, MAO zedong had led one carring students army pay had one armed KuiJun of beiyang spurt, idiom genuinely anybody. In the process of leading the autumn harvest uprising, his illustrious military can soon exposed. When the autumn harvest uprising troops suffered a major setback after, MAO zedong suspended their rubicon into changsha orders and fold soldier jinggangshan. Although he had previously not command military, but his resolute decisive, command dedicates, is enormously popular by army’s acclaimed. MAO zedong understand, should be in all directions is strong and ferocious enemy of the political environment, makes the new small red revolutionary regime survival, development, we must take a different set of conventional special operational principles.
MAO zedong’s back in the troops military thought education when once said, not only should we will fight, and will play circle. The enemy is “newcomers mismanagement, best not to come”, we will “three homes” withdrawing troops. The enemy retreated, where I wonder if we’ll have to survey. We’ll bring his pocket several circles, etc of his weakness exposed, can grasp accurate, played malicious, played neat and have captured. It is like money will come as weiss, ShiBen not stem. Anyhow, fight when you can win dozen, dozen don’t win and then walk. You call I call you won’t get hit, I’ll beat you must eat you up.
Visible, only to have this kind of subjective and objective conditions in jinggangshan, to make the red army of guerrilla warfare basic principles, arise rapid development. Age objective social environment and caused a subjective condition decision the reds startup period of guerrilla warfare basic principle, only in the jinggang mountains revolutionary base this form of guerrilla warfare heartland, only in the revolutionary war mainly leader MAO zedong’s mind initiation, and determine its formation and development is a from simple to rich process.
That year with MAO zedong fighting together, as a member of the jinggang mountains in the chingkang mountains struggle of tan chen-lin practice and development of MAO zedong thought, “a text for the reds guerrilla warfare, the basic principles of forming the incisive elaboration. He said, jinggangshan region large, complex terrain is important, the masses condition again good, very beneficial to carry out people’s guerrilla war. MAO zedong set by guerrilla warfare strategy and tactics, be in namely interact struggle so specific condition, along with the development of practice and development. The famous guerrilla warfare 16-character tactic “enemy enter I back, the enemy in my interference, the enemy tired I dozen, the enemy retreated I chased”, and “suited to arouse the masses, concentrated to cope with the enemy”, “the independent with fixed region, wavy. Propetamphos tracking, advances the policy with hovering type DaJuanZi policy” wait, it is to smash the enemy was three times siege repeatedly battle, given the success and failure the lessons of summary and rich rise.
MAO zedong is not only “16-character tactic” creator, more practitioners. The autumn harvest uprising in jinggangshan team into way, luxi suddenly and propetamphos encounter, inferior retreats, caused much damage. He then came to LongShi, maoping, value XiangGui warlords because of hunan enemy, most reactionary forces, the reds will transfer boundary counties ChengXu captured tea ling. Hunan propetamphos, such as these jinggangshan back toward the enemy force is weak, the JiangXiSui sichuan offense, toppling reactionary landlords armed, every conquer hence sichuan. When the main forces of the red army in suichuan sichuan suited to arouse the masses, jianxi enemy ZhuPeiDe department a battalion in reactionary landlord armed with occupied ningkang hsin-cheng. MAO zedong’s side of yunghsin and ningkang, instructions etc riots teams, day and night XiRao enemy, make an enemy 1 days surprised, tired, A centralized main back to maoping rest late-night urgent attacks, the next day QuanJian ShouDi xincheng world. These battles are using “16-character tactic” and “suited to arouse the masses, concentrated to cope with the enemy” success combats. Thereafter the famous lungyuankou combat, our first west YangGong linghsien county, not the jianxi decoys unionizing enemy Yang chih-sheng, YangRuXuan department deeply, and then around a circle